| dc.description.abstract | Aedes aegypti L. transmite enfermedades a los humanos y no existen tratamientos químicos que se puedan utilizar contra sus huevos o pupas. Se evaluaron insecticidas comerciales con propiedades ovicidas o pupicidas contra este vector u otras plagas: fenpiroximato, etoxazol, espinetoram, piriproxifeno, flufenoxurón, espinosad, aceite de neem, aceite de soja y espiromesifen. Se realizaron bioensayos en huevos (inmersión o aspersión), larvas y pupas. Los tratamientos con CL99 relativamente baja se evaluaron en campo, siempre que no se hayan utilizado previamente contra larvas de Ae. aegypti. Si el CL99 no mostrara efectos deseables, los tratamientos se reevaluarían utilizando el doble del CL99 original. Ningún tratamiento tuvo un efecto ovicida significativo. La CL99 más baja en las larvas se observó con spinosad (0.043 mg L-1), spinetoram (37.6 mg L-1) y aceite de neem (132.9 mg L-1). Debido a que los dos primeros insecticidas se utilizan contra larvas de Ae. aegypti, no se evaluaron en campo. En pupas, la CL99 más baja se observó con aceite de neem (28.3 mg L-1), y se evaluó en condiciones de campo a 132.9 mg L-1 (CL99 en larvas). En contenedores de 200 L, se preparó CL99 utilizando agua de la llave. Se utilizó un diseño de bloques completos al azar con tres tratamientos: sin intercambio de agua (LC99-WEW), 10% de intercambio (LC99-10% WE) y 30% de intercambio (LC99-30% WE) y cuatro repeticiones. Las larvas y pupas se expusieron a sus respectivos tratamientos los días 1, 14, 21 y 28. Solo el CL99-WEW fue efectivo a los 28 días, con un 100% de mortalidad de larvas y pupas. En consecuencia, este tratamiento se evaluó a una concentración de 264 mg L-1 (2CL99 en pupas). A los 28 días, la mortalidad de las larvas y pupas fue la siguiente: 2LC99-WEW, 100 y 69,4%; 2LC99-10% WE, 100 y 78,1%; y 2LC99-30% WE, 0 y 0%. El aceite de neem demostró propiedades larvicidas y pupicidas contra Ae. aegypti. _______________ RESEARCH OF OVICIDAL, LARVICIDAL AND PUPAECIDAL INSECTICIDES PROPERTIES IN Aedes aeegypti L. (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE). ABSTRACT: Aedes aegypti L. transmits disease to humans and there are no chemical treatments that can be used against its eggs or pupae. Commercial insecticides with ovicidal or pupicidal properties were evaluated against this vector or other pests: fenpyroximate, ethoxazole, spinetoram, pyriproxyphene, flufenoxuron, spinosad, neem oil, soybean oil and spiromesifen. Bioassays were carried out on eggs (dipping or spraying), larvae and pupae. Treatments with relatively low LC99 were evaluated in the field, provided that they had not previously been used against Ae. aegypti. If LC99 did not show desirable effects, treatments would be re-evaluated using twice the original LC99. No treatment had a significant ovicidal effect. The lowest LC99 in the larvae was observed with spinosad (0.043 mg L-1), spinetoram (37.6 mg L-1) and neem oil (132.9 mg L-1). Because the first two insecticides are used against larvae of Ae. aegypti, were not evaluated in the field. In pupae, the lowest LC99 was observed with neem oil (28.3 mg L-1), and it was evaluated under field conditions at 132.9 mg L-1 (LC99 in larvae). In 200 L containers, LC99 was prepared using tap water. A randomized complete block design was used with three treatments: no water exchange (LC99-WEW), 10% exchange (LC99-10% WE) and 30% exchange (LC99-30% WE) and four repetitions. The larvae and pupae were exposed to their respective treatments on days 1, 14, 21 and 28. Only LC99-WEW was effective at 28 days, with 100% mortality of larvae and pupae. Consequently, this treatment was evaluated at a concentration of 264 mg L-1 (2LC99 in pupae). At 28 days, the mortality of the larvae and pupae was as follows: 2LC99-WEW, 100 and 69.4%; 2LC99-10% WE, 100 and 78.1%; and 2LC99-30% WE, 0 and 0%. Neem oil demonstrated larvicidal and pupicidal properties against Ae. aegypti. | es_MX |
