Percepción y actitud de productores cañeros sobre el uso de composta de cachaza y vinaza en la zona de abasto del Ingenio La Glora, Veracruz, México

Abstract

En la zona de abasto del ingenio La Gloria, en Veracruz, se desconocen la percepción y actitud de los productores de caña respecto al uso de composta de cachaza y vinaza. Por tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la percepción y actitud del productor cañero respecto al uso de composta de cachaza y vinaza en suelos cultivados con caña de azúcar. Este estudio, se realizó en la zona de abasto del ingenio La Gloria, Veracruz. Los productores fueron seleccionados en 47 que han aplicado composta, 50 que han aplicado vinaza y 50 que no han aplicado estos subproductos. Mediante un cuestionario se hicieron entrevistas personales. Se analizó la escala Likert, la frecuencia, estadísticas descriptivas, escalas multidimensionales y factores mediante el programa Statistica® 7.0. Los resultados indicaron que el 65 % de los productores que aplicaron composta tienen una percepción negativa. La actitud también fue negativa (2.9). Así mismo, los productores que aplicaron vinaza mostraron una percepción (68%) y una actitud (2.4) negativas. Los productores que no aplicaron subproductos manifestaron una percepción positiva hacia la composta (70 %), y negativa hacia la vinaza (63 %). La actitud fue positiva (3.4) y negativa (2.1) hacia el uso de la composta y vinaza respectivamente. Se concluyó que la percepción y actitud negativas mostradas por los productores cañeros sobre el uso de composta de cachaza y vinaza se debe al mal manejo que hace de estos subproductos el ingenio. _______________ PERCEPTION AND ATTITUDE OF SUGAR CANE FARMERS CONCERNING THE USE OF COMPOST AND VINASSE IN THE SUPPLY AREA OF “LA GLORIA” SUGAR FACTORY, VERACRUZ, MEXICO. ABSTRACT: In the supply area of the sugar factory La Gloria, Veracruz, the perception and attitude of sugar cane farmers regarding the use of filter cake compost and vinasse are unknown. Therefore, this paper aims at determining the perception and attitude of the farmers concerning the use of filter cake compost and vinasse in sugar cane fields. This study was carried out in the supply area of sugar factory La Gloria. Farmers involved in this study were identified based on a list of names provided by the sugar factory, being 47 and 50 farmers that applied filter cake compost and vinasse respectively. A reference set of 50 farmers that do not apply any of the two products were selected from the communities considered in this research. Three different surveys were applied to 124 sugar cane growers as follows: one survey to 24 farmers that applied compost, another to 50 farmers that used vinasse, and another to 50 farmers who did not use any of these two products. The statistical analyses included multidimensional analysis; factor and frequency analysis; and averages, which were carried out using Statistica® 7.0. The results showed that 65 % of farmers that applied compost have a negative perception and also a negative attitude (2.9); likewise farmers that applied vinasse (68%) showed a negative perception as well as a negative attitude (2.4). Farmers who did not apply any of these products manifested a positive perception towards the use of compost (70%) and a positive attitude (3.4) concerning the use of filter cake compost. These farmers also showed a negative perception regarding the application of vinasse (63%) and a negative attitude towards the use of vinasse (2.1). It can be concluded that the negative perception and attitude towards the use of compost and vinasse is due to the inadequate management and the factory.