Optimización y estimación del precio de biogás producido a partir de residuos orgánicos y su factibilidad de producción para usarse en restaurantes.

Abstract

El trabajo de investigación que se realizó a continuación consistió en la elaboración de un problema de programación lineal (PL) basado en la maximización de ingresos de un restaurante que utiliza biogás para la preparación de alimentos, dicho problema presento 31 variables (x1, x2,..x31) y 62 restricciones, siendo solo dos de ellas mayores o iguales que ceros (caso de agua y energía eléctrica) mientras que las demás restricciones son menores e iguales que cero. Este problema arrojo un valor óptimo de$16,072.03pesos, cifra equivalente a la máxima ganancia que se puede obtener en un día de actividades normales dentro del restaurante sujeta a diversas restricciones. De igual manera el PL arrojo un análisis de sensibilidad donde se obtuvo un precio sombra de los recursos escasos, siendo el de interés el precio sombra del recurso biogás que fue de $ 4.72 pesos/ m3, dicho precio fue interpretado en esta investigación como precio de mercado. En el capítulo III, se obtuvieron los resultados de un análisis financiero que permitió ver la factibilidad económica de la réplica de la instalación de un restaurante con una planta de biogás, con los indicadores financieros siguientes: Valor Actual Neto de$2B/C de $ 1.21 pesos, 000,334.31a una tasa de actualización del 25, una Tasa Interna de Retorno de 57% y una Relación Beneficio Costo de $ 1.21 pesos. The research work herein described consisted in elaborating a linear programming (PL) problem based on the income maximization of a restaurant that uses biogas to prepare the food. Said problem presented 31 variables (x1, x2,..x31) and 62 restrictions, only two of which were equal to or greater than zero (water and electricity), while the rest of the restrictions are equal to and lower than zero. This problem gave off a resulting optimum value of $16,072.03 pesos, which is the maximum earnings that it can obtain in one day of normal activities within the restaurant subject to diverse restrictions. Likewise, the PL gave a sensibility analysis where a shadow price of scarce resources was obtained; of particular interest being the shadow price of biogas, which was $4.72 pesos/m3. This price was interpreted in this research work as the market price. In chapter III, the results of a finance analysis were obtained, which allowed to see the economic feasibility of replicating the installation of a restaurant with a biogas plant with the following finance indicators: Current Net Worth of $2B/C of $1.21 pesos, 000,334.31 at an update rate of 25, an Internal Return Rate of 57%, and a Cost Benefit Ratio of $1.21 pesos. _______________ PRICE ESTIMATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF BIOGAS PRODUCED FROM ORGANIC RESIDUES AND ITS PRODUCTION FEASIBILITY FOR USE IN RESTAURANTS. ABSTRACT: The research work herein described consisted in elaborating a linear programming (PL) problem based on the income maximization of a restaurant that uses biogas to prepare the food. Said problem presented 31 variables (x1, x2,..x31) and 62 restrictions, only two of which were equal to or greater than zero (water and electricity), while the rest of the restrictions are equal to and lower than zero. This problem gave off a resulting optimum value of $16,072.03 pesos, which is the maximum earnings that it can obtain in one day of normal activities within the restaurant subject to diverse restrictions. Likewise, the PL gave a sensibility analysis where a shadow price of scarce resources was obtained; of particular interest being the shadow price of biogas, which was $4.72 pesos/m3. This price was interpreted in this research work as the market price. In chapter III, the results of a finance analysis were obtained, which allowed to see the economic feasibility of replicating the installation of a restaurant with a biogas plant with the following finance indicators: Current Net Worth of $2B/C of $1.21 pesos, 000,334.31 at an update rate of 25, an Internal Return Rate of 57%, and a Cost Benefit Ratio of $1.21 pesos.