dc.description.abstract | Se evalúo el comportamiento productivo y calidad de la carne de toretes y corderos alimentados con taninos en la dieta. Se realizaron dos experimentos. En el primero, se usaron 27 toretes B. taurus x B. indicus (peso inicial 412.7±20 kg), asignados al azar a uno de tres tratamientos: dieta base (DB), dieta base + 2500 IU de vitamina E/animal/día (DVE), y dieta base + 3% (base seca) de taninos condensados de extracto de Quebracho (DEQ). Se evaluó consumo de materia seca (CMS), ganancia diaria de peso (GDP), conversión y eficiencia alimenticia, rendimiento en canal, color, pH, composición química y actividad de agua (Aw) de la carne. Las variables se analizaron en un diseño de bloques completos al azar usando el Proc GLM; y se estimaron las curvas de consumo de materia seca con un modelo no lineal de efectos mixtos. Los tratamientos no afectaron (P>0.05) las variables medidas, excepto rendimiento en canal caliente, que fue mayor (P>0.05) en los animales con el tratamiento DVE (58.9%). Los toretes mostraron tendencia (P<0.05) a incrementar el consumo durante las primeras 2 semanas del experimento. En el segundo experimento, 36 corderos Pelibuey, con peso inicial de 23.74±4.57 kg, se asignaron al azar a uno de cuatro tratamientos: dieta testigo (DT), dieta con heno de Gliricidia sepium (DGS, taninos 12.3 gr/kg MS), dieta con heno de Guazuma ulmifolia (DGU, taninos 24.5 gr/kg MS), y dieta con extracto de quebracho (DEQ, taninos 20.0 gr/kg MS). Se evaluaron las mismas variables que en experimento uno, y fueron analizadas de la misma manera. Los tratamientos solo afectaron (P<0.05) la EA y área del ojo de la costilla, siendo menor para DGS (19.23 gr y 978 mm, respectivamente), así como el contenido gastrointestinal (P<0.05), que fue mayor con DEQ y menor para DGU (11.9% y 9.8%, respectivamente). La luminosidad (L) fue menor (P<0.05) para los tratamientos con taninos de G. sepium y G. ulmifolia; y la Aw fue menor (P<0.05) con la dieta testigo; en tanto que la humedad de la carne (72.89%) fue mayor (P<0.05) en el tratamiento con extracto de Quebracho. _______________ TANNINS FROM FODDER TREE AND ITS EFECT ON PRODUCTION AND MEAT QUALITY OF BEEF CATTLE AND SHEEP. ABSTRACT: Animal performance and meat quality of steers and lambs supplemented with condensed tannins in the diet were evaluated. Two experiments were carried out. In the first one, 27 young steers B. taurus x B. indicus (initial LW 412.7±20 kg on average), were randomly assigned to one of 3 treatments: basal diet (BD), basal diet + 2500 IU of vitamin E/animal/day (DVE) and basal diet + 3% (DM basis) of condensed tannins of Quebracho extract (DQE). Animals were slaughtered at 518.6±33.5 kg of living weight (LW). Dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion and efficiency, carcass yield, color attributes and pH up to 12 days post-mortem, meat chemical composition (moisture, protein, lipids and ash) and water activity (Aw), were evaluated. The experimental designed was randomized complete blocks and data were analyzed using the GLM, and dry matter intake curves were estimated with a model nonlinear mixed effect. Treatments did not affect (P>0.05) none of the studied variables, except hot carcass yield, that was higher (P>0.05) on the DVE treatment (58.9%). There was a trend (P<0.05) to increase consumption during the first two weeks of the experiment. In the second experiment, 36 Pelibuey lambs, with initial LW of 23.74±4.57 kg, were used. They were randomized to one of four treatments: control diet (CD), diet with Gliricidia sepium hay (DGS, tannins 12.3 g/kg DM), diet with Guazuma ulmifolia hay (DGU, tannins 24.5 g/kg DM) and diet with Quebracho extract (DQE, tannins 20.0 g/kg DM). Variables, experimental design, and data analyzed were done as in experiment one. Only feed efficiency and rib eye area were different (P<0.05) among treatment, being smaller under DGS treatment (19.23 gr and 978 mm, respectively). Gastrointestinal content was also higher (P<0.05) at DQE, and lower at DGU (11.9% and 9.8%, respectively). Luminosity (L) was lower (P<0.05) at DGS and DGU treatment, and Aw was higher (P<0.05) (72.89%) at DQE. | en_US |